It is caused by the species of leishmania, the leishmania donovani is the causative agent of kala-azar or visceral leishmaniasis.Mostly widespread inindia,south china and in mediterranean countries. The major cause is the enlaregement of spleen due to blockage of reticulo-endothelial system by parasite.l.tropica is the causative agent of skin leishmaniais.l.brasilliensis causes a disease called espundia.The development of uiceration in nasal cavities,mouth and pharynx is quite frequent.Leishmania species are transmitted from man to man by bites of sandflies belonging to the genus phlebotomus.
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